Now that Russia is tending not to be seen as a threat by the US there may be fewer US SSNs in the Atlantic Ocean facing Russian SSNs and Russian SSBNs, in the medium-long term. The Atlantic US SSNs may be relocated, with the main US SSN effort being against China (in the Pacific and Indian oceans) and against North Korea.
Whether Russian Pacific Fleet SSBNs, SSGNs and SSNs work in alliance to the Chinese submarine fleet is another uncertainty.
But as US forces and reliability as an ally desert Europe, the Russian threat is rising against the UK, France and the rest of Non US (NUS) NATO.
The age old Russian Intelligence aim of splitting the Western, especially NATO, alliance is succeeding under Putin, a former KGB officer and FSB boss.
The splitting off of the US from NATO, might make accelerated production of SSNs and SSBNs for the French Navy and also UK Royal Navy a high priority.
Instead of the planned 6 x SSNs of the Suffren class for France and 7 Astutes for the UK Royal Navy 2 more might be built of each.
The main job of these SSNs are to protect their own navy's SSBNs (leaving and entering port and maybe on patrol). Whether the rolling average of 4 SSBNs in each of the French and UK navies increases is unknown. The 4 new ones planned are the 4 x SNLE-3Gs and 4 x Dreadnoughts.
The reason Britain owns its current Vanguard-class SSBNs are as nuclear weapon platforms. But troublingly the warheads rely on regular US Tritium injections and the warhead guidance systems come from the US. Meanwhile the "UKs" Trident missiles are rented/leased from the US and the Trident's regular maintenance only takes place at King's Bay in the US. So Britain really needs total Trident system autonomy to operate in Trump's Russian influenced brave new world.
At least France's SSBNs, M51 nuclear missiles and M51.1 TNO nuclear warheads are not reliant on a senior ally.
What all this means for Australia's possible basing of US SSNs in Australia (low likelihood of UK SSNs being based here) and Australian SSN acquisition from the US, the UK or France, is difficult to predict.
France's increasing need to strengthen its own SSN defences against Russia means French SSNs for any foreign customer is very unlikely. But this does not preclude France from renewing the conventional Shortfin Barracuda Block 1A (Attack-class) deal with Australia.
Russia, unopposed by the US, threatens Russia's European west and also Russia's Siberian east. The latter may present a higher threat to other countries (South Korea and Japan) that might conceivably supply conventional subs to Australia. This may now make South Korea and Japan hesitant to supply submarines (conventional or, in future, nuclear) to Australia.
2 comments:
France is also beefing up its Aerial nuclear deterrent:
France Announces New Rafale F5 Fighters Equipped with ASN4G Hypersonic
Nuclear Missiles by 2035:
"A key feature of the Rafale F5 is its ability to carry the ASN4G missile, which
will replace the current ASMPA. Developed by MBDA with support from ONERA,
this hypersonic missile will reach speeds between Mach 6 and Mach 7 using a
ramjet engine, providing an unprecedented capability to penetrate advanced air
defenses. Its range of over 1,000 km will enhance the strategic flexibility of
France's deterrence forces, while its stealth architecture will reduce radar
detection, improving its survivability in electronic warfare environments. In
parallel, France continues developing the V-MAX hypersonic glide vehicle with
ArianeGroup, reflecting a broader effort to diversify and strengthen both
conventional and nuclear strike capabilities."
See:
https://www.armyrecognition.com/news/aerospace-news/2025/france-announces-new-rafale-f5-fighters-equipped-with-asn4g-hypersonic-nuclear-missiles-by-2035
Thanks Pete, a fair summary. The following article on a French website gives a more optimistic view of possible French SSNs, but for Canada in the first instance. That still leaves Australia’s prospects looking limited IMO.
https://meta-defense.fr/en/2025/03/19/nuclear-electric-barracuda-canada/
I remain of the view that Australia will not get Virginia SSNs. It is too late for the USN to order enough for there to be any spare by 2032. This is not only a Trump issue. Biden never once increased the SSN budget beyond inflation, or number of hulls ordered, in the three years since AUKUS was announced. The bipartisan support for AUKUS between Labor and Liberal parties has blinded them to the lack of progress. Both are too busy defending the policy to objectively look at its implementation.
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