October 28, 2020

LIB costs & numbers for Japan’s Oryu, Toryu and Taigei Submarines

Following the October 19, 2020 article on Lithium-ion Battery (LIB) numbers Anonymous reported, on October 27, 2020, further information on LIB costs, numbers and arrangements for Japan’s most recent 3 submarines.

Japanese Soryu Mk 2 submarines Oryu (27SS) equip with 640 LIBs (battery modules) (=320 LIBs x 2 groups [1, 2] ) and Toryu (28SS) with possible 679 LIBs [3]. First of the new submarine class Taigei (29SS) may equip with 672 LIBs (=336 LIBs x 2 groups [3] ) and has somewhat improved power compared with 27SS or 28SS.

Japan’s Ministry of Defense (MoD) is developing a new power storage and supply system [4]. Onsite testing of the system might be conducted by using Taigei as a test ship. 

[1] http://blog.livedoor.jp/wispywood2344/others/SMC-8B%20P_9_s.png

[2] Battery modules in a group are presumably consisted of two sets i.e., 240 and 80 battery modules.

[3] The price of LIBs (all of the new “SLH” type made by Japanese company GS Yuasa) are:
- 8.3 Billion Yen (US$80 million) for Oryu 28SS,
- 8.6 B Yen (US$83 million) for Toryu 29SS and
- 8.4 B Yen (US$81 million) for Taigei 30SS.
Price of defense equipment usually goes down every year. But, in 29SS, price of LIBs went up compared with 28SS suggesting increased number of LIBs. If 28SS equips with 640 LIBs, then perhaps the estimated number of LIBs in 29SS is 679 [=640 x 8.6 /(8.3 x (8.4/8.6))]. Then, the most likely number of LIBs for 30SS is 672 (=28 columns x 12 rows x 2 groups) based on pricing, cancellation of stray magnetic field and so on.

[4] Research and trial production of high-efficiency power storage and supply system for submarines. Trial production (budget 8.2 billion yen (US$79 million)) and offsite testing will be conducted in 2019-2022 and 2023, respectively.

From the LIB information above see the estimated number of LIBs and their known cost of LIBs (in Billions Yen) for 28SS, 29SS and 30SS in the Table below.

Japanese Submarine Table as at October 28, 2020. 

SS
No.
Diesel Type
Motor
Build No
Name
Pennant
No.
MoF approved amount ¥
Billions FY
LABs, LIBs, AIP
Laid Down
Laun
-ched
Commi
ssioned
Built
By
5SS Oyashio
8105 Oyashio
SS-590/ TS3608
¥52.2B FY1993
2 x 12V25/25S 
diesels for all
Oyashio class
(each diesel 
2,000kW)
LABs only
 Jan 1994
Oct 1996
Mar 1998
 KHI
6SS-15SS
Oyashios 
10 subs
SMC-7?
8106
-8115
various
SS-591-600
¥52.2B per sub
FY1994-FY2003
LABs only
 15SS Feb
2004
15SS
Nov
2006
15SS
Mar 2008
 MHI
&
KHI
16SS
Dragon
class  Mk I
8116
SS-501
¥60B FY2004 all Mk.1 LAB+AIP Soryus have 2 x Kawasaki 
12V25/25SB 
diesels may total
(6,000kW
sidebar)
see and + 4 AIP
SMC-8 motor
LABs + AIP
Mar 2005
Dec 2007
Mar
2009
MHI
17SS
8117
Unryū
SS-502
¥58.7B FY2005
LABs + AIP
Mar 2006
Oct 2008
Mar
2010
KHI
18SS
8118
Hakuryū
SS-503
¥56.2 FY2006
LABs + AIP
Feb 2007
Oct 2009
Mar
2011
MHI
19SS
8119
Kenryū
SS-504
¥53B FY2007
LABs + AIP
Mar 2008
Nov 2010
Mar
2012
KHI
20SS
8120
Zuiryū
SS-505
¥51B FY2008
LABs + AIP
Mar 2009
Oct 2011
Mar
2013
MHI
21SS LIBs Concept
Research
Project
No 21SS built. It was an 8 year research project on LIBs. 1st LIBs sub launched was 27SS in 2018.
   


22SS
8121
Kokuryū
SS-506
¥52.8B FY2010
LABs + AIP
Jan 2011
Oct 2013
Mar
2015
KHI
23SS
8122
Jinryu
SS-507
¥54.6B FY2011
LABs + AIP
Feb 2012
Oct 2014
7 Mar 2016
MHI
24SS
8123
Sekiryū
SS-508
¥54.7B FY2012
LABs + AIP
KHI
25SS
8124
SS-509
¥53.1B FY2013
LABs + AIP
22 Oct 2013
12 Oct   2016
MHI
26SS
8125
SS-510
¥51.7B FY2014
last SMC-8 motor
LABs + AIP
2014
6 Nov 2017
KHI
27SS a Soryu
"Mk II" as it
has LIBs. 1st
Soryu Mk II 
8126
Oryū
11th
Soryu
SS-511
¥64.4B FY2015 
with 2 12V25/25SB diesels (totaling 4,200kW) 
SMC-8B motor
Cost of estimated
640 LIBs is ¥8.3B

LIBs only
(SLH type)
Nov
2015
4 Oct
2018
2020
MHI
28SS Soryu
Mk II, 12th &
final Soryu
8127
SS-512
¥63.6B FY2016
still 12V25/25SB
"2,900t" surfaced
Cost of estimated
679 LIBs is ¥8.6B
SLH
LIBs
Jan 2017
Mar 2021?
KHI
29SS
First of new
class

Taigei
(Big Whale)
Class

Correlation of
Whales and
Ghosts
 in
Japanese
Mythology

8128
Taigei
SS-513
¥76B FY2017 (Heisei 29)
Higher ¥76
budget being
first of class 
with  new
12V25/31S 
diesels
(2,500-
2,800kW?) 
 New Combat
System features.
Cost of estimated
672 LIBs is ¥8.4B
SLH
LIBs

2017?

14 Oct
2020 
Mar 2022
MHI

30SS 
Second of
Taigei Class

SS-513
¥71.5B FY2018 
(Heisei 30)
12V25/31S
diesels
SLH
LIBs
2018?
2020?
2022?
MHI?
01SS? 
Third of 
Taigei Class
8029?
SS-514
¥B? FY2019 (Reiwa 01)
12V25/31S 
diesels
SLH
LIBs
maybe
960+
2019?
2021?
2023?
KHI?
02SS?  
Fourth of 
Taigei Class 
8030?
SS-515
¥B? FY2020 (Reiwa 02)
Improved SLH LIBS

2 x Diesels uprated
12V25/31S or newer
 (each likely 3,000+kW?)
Impro
ved SLH
LIBs
2020?
2022?
2024?
MHI?
03SS
8031?
SS-516
¥B? FY2021
LIBs 
2021?
2023?
2025?
KHI?
04SS
8032?
SS-517
¥B? FY2022
LIBs
2022?
2024?
2026?
MHI?
05SS 
8033?
SS-518
¥B? FY2023
LIBs
2023?
2025?
2027?
KHI?
06SS
8034?
SS-519
¥B? FY2024
LIBs 
2024?
2026?
2028?
MHI?
07SS 
8035?
SS-520
¥B? FY2025
LIBs
2025?
2027?
2029?
KHI?
08SS 
8036?
SS-521
¥B? FY2026

LIBs
2026?
2028?2030?
MHI?
Key to Table: Table information exclusively provided to Submarine MattersLABs = lead-acid batteries, AIP = air independent propulsion, LIB= Lithium-ion Batteries. 
¥***B
 = Billion Yen. MHI = Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, KHI = Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation of Kawasaki Heavy Industries. 
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