Latest Table of Developers of LIBs and LABs for Submarine - Version 4

PETE'S COMMENTS

It is not diesel reformer or methanol reformer fuel cell (FC)/air independent propulsion (AIP) that will be the next revolutionary advance in conventional submarine propulsion. Lithium-ion batteries will be the next big advance.

The major test will be the first country to fully adopt LIBs for submarine. That country will be Japan, which may launch the first LIBs submarine (27SS First Soryu Mk. 2) this year or next year and then commission it in 2020 or 2021.

If there are no problems with Japanese LIBs for 5 years of operation South Korea and China (secretly) may then launch LIBs submarines in the mid 2020s. Naval Group (formerly DCNS), TKMS and Russia might later (in the late 2020s) launch LIBs submarines.

ANONYMOUSES TABLE

It is important to keep track of current lead-acid batteries (LABs) and LIBs suppliers. To do this Anonymous has revised the following Table (last published on May 18, 2017) with all the new entries, including new endnotes, marked in this highlight.

Table of Submarine LAB/LIB Suppliers Version 4

Company	Country	LAB for subamrine	LIB etc
			Non submarine	Submarine
Atlas Elektronik	Germany			Lithium Iron Phosphate(LFP) [16] (for TKMS subs [17])
EnerSys	USA	Backup for Nuclear subs. Main underwater propulsion for diesel subs [12]	Space applications [11]	No data
Exide Technology	USA	U205, Kobben, U206, U209, U212; Dolphin, Scorpene, Walrus, Näcken, Västergötland, Gotland, UIa, TR 1700, Agosta, Daphne, Redoutable, Rubis, Triomphant [2]	Onyx™ M70 Series LIBs use lithium cobaltaite (LCO)	No data
EverExceed	UK	•West European submarines: U209/U214/Scorpene/Agosta/Daphne. Russian subs: Romeo/ Foxtrot/ Kilo •Design development has been done also for classes U206, U212, Vastergotland (A17) (A19).	Nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NCM), lithium iron Phosphate (LFP)[4]	No data
HBL Power Systems Ltd.	India	12.391 kWh to 40.300 kWh [5] Kilo, Sorpene [6]	No data	Underdevelopment [7]
Sunlight Systems	Greece	•West European submarines: U206, U209, U212, U214, U209P, U210, Scorpène, Agosta, 6YOH, Sauro, Walrus, Kobben •Eastern type submarines: Romeo, Foxtrot, Kilo [8]	LiSO2 batteries [10] Radio sets, Mines, Locator beacons, Anti tank weapons, Night vision equipmen	Underdevelopment
GS Yuasa	Japan	Oyashio, Soryu Mark 1	Lithium manganese oxide (LMO)	Lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA)
Toshiba	Japan	None	Lithium-titanate (ITO)	Lithium-titanate (ITO)
Saft	France	•West European submarines U206, U209, U212, U214, U209P, U210, Scorpène, Agosta, 6YOH, Sauro, Walrus, Kobben •Russian designed submarines Romeo, Foxtrot, Kilo	Lithium lithium cobaltaite (LCO) [3], Energy density, 68, 84Wh/kg etc [9]	Underdeveloping
Kokam	South Korea	No data	Lithium polymer batteries for military use  (114-168Wh/kg) [13]	Underdevelopment Lithium polymer batteries ?
Arotech	USA	No data	No data	Underdeveloping
Russia	Russia	Kilo uses Saft (France).	No data	Kalina submarines [14]  in collaboration with China How about Saft?[15]

[1] http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20160915005029/en/Top-5-Vendors-Global-Submarine-Battery-MarketEnerSys, EverExceed , Exide Technology, HBL Power Systems Ltd., and Sunlight Systems are the major lead-acid battery (LABs) vendors in the market. Companies, such as GS Yuasa, Saft, Kokam, Arotech, and Toshiba, are aggressively developing Li-ion batteries for submarines and investing in R&D to reduce the cost and match the LAB specifications for the submarines. The report also states countries, such as Japan, China, and Russia, are focusing on the Li-ion battery technology for the submarines. Russia is also planning to develop Li-ion battery technology for Kalina submarines in collaboration with China.

[2] http://www.naval-technology.com/contractors/electrical/exide-technologies-naval/

[3] Data in 2005

[4] http://www.everexceed.com/Product/Li-ion-battery-systems.php

[5] http://www.hbl.in/product-view-30-batteries-lead-acid-batteries-submarine-batteries.html

[6] http://www.indiainfoline.com/company/hbl-power-systems-ltd/management-discussions/2401

HBL is the largest defence battery manufacturer in India. All the products have been designed, developed and manufactured based on in-house technology. The Company supplies batteries for a wide range of applications - fighter aircrafts, helicopters, transport aircraft, submarine propulsion, light weight and heavy weight torpedoes, battle tanks, missiles and artillery fuzes among others.The Company has recently secured approval for Kilo class submarine battery and approval process for Scorpene class submarine is at an advanced stage of completion.

[7] http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/hbl-power-systems-ltd/chairmanspeech/companyid-12111.cms

For many years, we had been asked why HBL did not make Lithium Ion batteries. We have now initiated a plan to manufacture prismatic Lithium Ion cells and batteries for specialized applications - not for consumer products. The project is likely to be implemented in the near term.

[8] http://www.systems-sunlight.com/reliable-battery-solutions/advanced-technology-batteries/submarine-batteries/

The design and development of more than 25 different cell types and the delivery of 60 battery shipsets to navies worldwide are the strongest evidences for our expertise and cumulative experience in the submarine battery sector. Indicatively, we have manufactured submarine batteries for: Greece, Italy, Egypt, Germany, Fance, Ukraine, Pakistan, Peru, Sweden, Poland, South Africa, Portugal, Korea, Netherlands, Equador

[9] http://www.saftbatteries.com/battery-search/ion%E2%80%99drive%C2%AE-630-v-battery-system

Energy density is 84Wh/kg for Ion’ Drive 630 (26kWh), 68Wh/kg for Ion’Drive® Motive 24 V 410 Ah

[10]http://www.systems-sunlight.com/reliable-battery-solutions/advanced-technology-batteries/various-defence-applications-batteries/lithium-batteries/

The most commonly lithium batteries used are manufactured based on Lithium Sulfur Dioxide (LiSO2) and Lithium-Ion technology. More specifically, LiSO2 batteries are constructed of a Lithium (Li) anode, a Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) cathode and their electrolyte is made of Acetonitrile in combination with Lithium Bromide.

(Radio sets, Mines, Locator beacons, Anti tank weapons, Night vision equipmen)t

[11]http://www.enersys.com/ABSL_Space_Batteries.aspx?langType=1033

EnerSys is the leading global supplier of lithium-ion batteries for space applications where space heritage, innovation, and a proven delivery track record come together to produce market-leading batteries.

[12] http://www.enersys-emea.com/reserve/pr/pr2010-08-09_e.pdf

[13] http://kokam.com/module-military/?PHPSESSID=4168977269ba675144875e315684548e

Nominal capcity (160Ah), votage (20-29.4V) and weight (28kg) mean energy density (114-168Wh/kg)

[14] https://ria.ru/defense_safety/20150701/1107574182.html

"In December 2014, TsKB Rubin completed the research work" Kalina-Navy "as a result of which the advanced design of a promising multipurpose non-nuclear submarine with air-independent power plant (VNEU) and a lithium-ion battery (LIAB) was executed in accordance with the tactical and technical task of the Russian Defense Ministry," said Shlemov.

[15] http://transforms.ru/sovremennye-podvodnye-lodki/preimuschestva-neatomnyh-podvodnyh-lodok.-chast-3.html Translated from Russian 

In April [2017], a seminar-presentation of developments and products of SAFT (France) under the name "Lithium-ion power systems for large underwater vehicles" was held at the St. Petersburg State Maritime Technical University. From the Russian side, specialists from a number of interested organizations took part in the seminar. From the French side SAFT representatives: Bertrand Dotfey, Sales Director, Cosmos and Defensive Systems Division; and Alain Coadou, Manager, New Defensive Systems, made a presentation.

[16] https://www.atlas-elektronik.com/contact/press/news-detail/news/atlas-elektronik-to-launch-lithium-iron-phosphate-exercise-battery-on-udt-2014/

Safety is paramount in the demanding technological environment of the submarine. ATLAS ELEKTRONIK and ALSE have succeeded in passing all tests based on the demanding safety standards of the German Navy needed to achieve certification and clearance for use on submarines of its new Lithium Iron Phosphate rechargeable battery. This was achieved by a deliberate choice for the safest Lithium Ion type battery chemistry available, Lithium Iron Phosphate, and a unique dedicated battery cell design by ALSE that achieves primary safety. This ALSE battery cell is then integrated by ATLAS into the exercise battery. A battery whose cells conform to primary safety standard does not contain any risks that necessitate extensive secondary safety measures. This ensures a maximum of safety beyond that of the legacy battery system and other offerings on the market.

[17] https://www.atlas-elektronik.com/contact/press/news-detail/news/thyssenkrupp-marine-systems-from-platform-to-systems-provider/ (Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems: from platform to systems provider 04/03/2017)

TKMS has taken a major step in its development. With the acquisition of ATLAS ELEKTRONIK by TKMS this combines their strengths and offers their customers the full range of solutions from a single source.

TKMS adopting the systems of ATLAS ELEKTRONIK suggests TKMS will adopts LIBs too.

By Anonymous (with a few comments from Pete)